1 Timeline of Detroit, Detroit Historical Society
2 Detroit, 1701-1837: A Brief History, Frank Boles, Clarke Historical Library (Central Michigan University).
3 Early Land Claims in Michigan, D. B. Reynolds, Michigan Dept. of Conservation
4 Woodward Plan Part II: Dawn of the Radial City, Detroit Urbanism, April 2016
5 We hope for better things; it shall rise from its ashes.
6 Great Fire of 1805, Detroit Historical Society (Encyclopedia of Detroit).
7 Segregation and White Flight in Detroit, Rishi Gorrepati, URB 305, 7 May 2024
8 This day in history: Henry Ford implements $5 per day wage in 1914, Sara Powers, CBS News Detroit, 5 January 2024
9 How the Detroit River Shaped Lives and History, Jenny Nolan, The Detroit News, 11 February 1997
10 “Detroit Waterway Traffic Growing” in The Monroe Evening News (May 5th, 1923), Holly Nelson, Detroit River Story Lab, 5 May 2025
11 Living Through Detroit’s Perpetual Housing Crisis, Zito Madu, The New Republic, 30 March 2021
12 Questioning History Using the Census, Alex Stein, teachinghistory, 24 February 2011
13 The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit, Thomas J. Sugrue, Princeton University Press, 1996
14 DETROIT: I-75/375, Segregation by Design, 31 May 2025
15 A 1944 law offering veterans benefits (education, housing), largely denied to Black veterans because of segregation and the banks.
16 A federal programme created in 1934 to insure home loans, which institutionalised redlining by excluding Black neighbourhoods.
17 Detroit’s Bankruptcy Reflects a History of Racism, Ross Eisenbrey, Economic Policy Institute, 25 February 2014
18 President Roosevelt’s slogan, used in December 1940 to describe America’s industrial capacity to produce and supply war materiel.
19 Census of population, 1 April 1950
20 I-375 Reconnecting Communities Project, Michigan Department of Transportation
21 Site where 1967 uprising began sees new signs of life, Louis Aguilar, The Detroit News, 20 July 2017
22 Five deadly days in Detroit, The Detroit News, 20 July 2017
23 The official 1968 report on urban riots, which concluded that the United States was “moving toward two societies, one black, one white, separate and unequal”.
24 Introducing RealT: Tokenizing Real Estate on Ethereum, David Hoffman, Medium, 9 May 2019.
25 Further reading:
Empirical evidence on the ownership and liquidity of real estate tokens, Laurens Swinkels Erasmus University Rotterdam, Financial Innovation 9(1), January 2023
26 Investor Bulletin: Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Dec. 2011
27 The Effect of Interest-Rate Movements on Real Estate Investment Trusts, Mueller, Glenn R. & Pauley, Keith R., Journal of Real Estate Research 10(3), 1995
28 America’s second largest shopping-mall owner collapses, Andrew Clark, The Guardian, 16 April 2009
29 REIT Compensation and COVID-19: Navigating a New Crisis, Ferguson Partners Report, 2020
30 Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission
31 The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report, FCIC, official report, Jan. 2011, p. 72 and p. 455
32 Zero Bullshit composite based on Map: Increases in High Poverty in Detroit 2013
33 Zero Bullshit composite based on Detroit Crime Map, GIS Geography
34 The video
35 Dennis Kefallinos: Detroit's most notorious speculator, Aaron Mondry, Outlier Media, 22 October 2024
36 Officially registered under the name RealToken
37 A blight ticket is a municipal citation issued to an owner whose property breaches local maintenance or safety codes. Detroit’s are the best known, but many cities run similar schemes through their code enforcement departments.
38 City of Detroit announces major lawsuit against Real Token and 165 related corporate entities for widespread nuisance abatement violations, City of Detroit, official press release, 24 July 2025
39 Crypto company keeps selling Detroit real estate to overseas investors. Its tenants just want their homes fixed up, Aaron Mondry, Outlier Media, 15 May 2025
40 Crypto company keeps selling Detroit real estate to overseas investors. Its tenants just want their homes fixed up, Aaron Mondry, Outlier Media, 15 May 2025
41 Michigan Residents Sentenced to Prison for Mortgage Fraud Scheme, US Department of Justice, 12 January 2016
42 Building owner who blamed Detroit admits he's a 'slumlord', Randy Wimbley, Fox2Detroit, 30 January 2018
43 Landlord says City demo caused apartment's waterlog, Fox2Detroit, 24 January 2018
44 Complaint No. 25-003-028-CB
45 Case Nos. 24-009122-CH and 25-002868-CH
46 Detroit sues crypto landlord RealT over blight, tenant harm, Aaron Mondry, Outlier Media, 2 July 2025
47 United Auto Workers
48 Temporary Restraining Order
49 Judge bars Real Token from collecting rent, orders repairs, Nushrat Rahman, Bridge Detroit, 24 July 2025
50 Yield Automation Manager
51 Judge blocks RealT from evicting tenants, collecting rent, Aaron Mondry, Outlier Media, 23 July 2025
52 The Detroit Land Bank Authority (DLBA) is a public agency, independent of the City of Detroit, set up in 2008 to manage and return to the market thousands of foreclosed, abandoned or vacant properties. It is now one of the largest land banks in the United States, with more than 60,000 parcels under management.
53 Decentralised autonomous organisation